Own validation rules with CodeIgniter >4.5

Thank you very much for your feedback. To be honest, I'm still a bit in the fog, although I have looked at the code and the documentation again.

You've modified your $rulesets array to use Traditional Rules, which the documentation say is a no-no.

My $ruleSets array:

PHP Code:

    public array $ruleSets = [
        Rules::class,
        \App\Validation\NewsletterRules::class,
        FormatRules::class,
        FileRules::class,
        CreditCardRules::class,
    ]; 


But the documentary says:
https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libra...rict-rules

Since v4.3.0, Strict Rules are used by default for better security.

And you can also see above:

PHP Code:

use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\CreditCardRules;
use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\FileRules;
use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\FormatRules;
use CodeIgniter\Validation\StrictRules\Rules; 


Maybe I haven't really understood what $ruleSets is used for in the system. My understanding was: If I don't register the class there, the system can't do anything with rules like hasValidMxRecord.

In the example code, however, I don't see it registered in $ruleSets and it's called

PHP Code:

if ($this->validateData($input, ExpenseRules::create()) === false) {
     return redirect()->back()->withInput()->with('validation', $this->validator->getErrors());
} 


instead of

PHP Code:

$validation = service('validation');
$validation->setRules(NewsletterRules::$rules);
if (!$validation->run($insertData)) {
    return $this->response->setJSON([
         'status' => 'error',
         'code' => 'validation_failed',
         'message' => implode(', ', $validation->getErrors()),
     ]);
} 


But from the documentation I primarily see the path via $validation->setRules().

Where am I missing the connection or understanding? What exactly in my code is causing me to not follow the strict recommendation in the documentation?