[eluser]Michael Wales[/eluser]
The benefit of the Google API isn't the speeding up of your site's loading time - it's the speeding up of every site's loading time for you, as a user.
Whether the site is in Turkey, the US, or the moon - if they all referenced Google's copy of jQuery (or whatever) - then the end user would use their own cached copy, rather than reloading the same library on every single domain they visit.