Remove blank line when render view in CI4

Hi, i have a problem with the view render, it always render a blank line at the top of the html file, how can i remove that?



in my source code i tried with the view renderer or the view function all of them show the same result

My code in controller

PHP Code:

$postData = model(PostModel::class)
            ->join('post_content', 'post_content.post_id = post.id', 'LEFT')
            ->where('lang_id', $this->_data['curLang']->id)
            ->where('post_status', 'publish')
            ->where('post_type', PostTypeEnum::POST)
            ->orderBy('post.id', 'desc')
            ->select('post.id, post.user_init, post.post_type, post.created_at, post_content.title, post_content.slug, post_content.description')
            ->findAll(500);

        // add posts to the feed
        foreach ($postData as $post) { //dd($post->author);
            $this->feeds->add($post->title, $post->url, $post->created_at, $post->author, $post->slug, $post->description, $post->categories);
        }

        $renderer  = single_service('renderer');

        return $renderer
            ->setData($this->feeds->getData())
            ->render('rss'); 


PHP Code:

$postData = model(PostModel::class)
            ->join('post_content', 'post_content.post_id = post.id', 'LEFT')
            ->where('lang_id', $this->_data['curLang']->id)
            ->where('post_status', 'publish')
            ->where('post_type', PostTypeEnum::POST)
            ->orderBy('post.id', 'desc')
            ->select('post.id, post.user_init, post.post_type, post.created_at, post_content.title, post_content.slug, post_content.description')
            ->findAll(500);

        // add posts to the feed
        foreach ($postData as $post) { //dd($post->author);
            $this->feeds->add($post->title, $post->url, $post->created_at, $post->author, $post->slug, $post->description, $post->categories);
        }

        return view('rss', $this->feeds->getData(), ['debug' => false]); 


My code in view file

PHP Code:

<?php
/**
 * @author tmtuan
 * @github https://github.com/tu801
 * created Date: 1/24/2024
 */
header('Content-type: application/rss+xml; charset=utf-8');
echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="'. $channel['encoding'] .'" ?>'; //print_r($items); exit;
?>
<rss version="2.0">
    <channel>
        <title><?php echo $channel['title']; ?></title>
        <link><?php echo $channel['link']; ?></link>
        <description><?php echo $channel['description']; ?></description>
        <pubDate><?php echo $channel['pub_date'] ?></pubDate>
        <language><?php echo $channel['language']; ?></language>
        <copyright><?php echo $channel['copyright']; ?></copyright>
        <generator><?php echo $channel['generator']; ?></generator>
        <docs><?php echo $channel['docs']; ?></docs>
        <?php if ( !empty($channel['web_master_email']) ) : ?>
        <webMaster><?php echo $channel['web_master_email']; ?></webMaster>
        <?php endif; ?>
        <ttl>20</ttl>
        <?php if (!empty($items)): ?>
            <?php foreach ($items as $item): ?>
                <item>
                    <title><?php echo xml_convert($item['title']); ?></title>
                    <link><?php echo site_url($item['link']) ?></link>
                    <pubDate><?php echo date('D, d M Y H:i:s O', $item['pub_date']->getTimestamp()) ?></pubDate>
                    <author><?php echo $item['author']->username ?></author>
                    <guid isPermaLink="true"><?php echo site_url($item['slug']) ?></guid>
                    <description><![CDATA[<?php echo strip_tags(html_entity_decode($item['description'])); ?>]]></description>
                    <?php if (!empty($item['categories'])): ?>
                    <?php foreach ($item['categories'] as $category): ?>
                        <category><![CDATA[<?php echo $category['title'];?>]]></category>
                    <?php endforeach; ?>
                    <?php endif; ?>
                </item>
            <?php endforeach; ?>
        <?php endif; ?>
    </channel>
</rss> 


Can anyone help me to remove that blank line please

Code:

?><rss version="2.0">

ci-phpunit-test | CodeIgniter Testing Guide | CodeIgniter 3 to 4 Upgrade Helper

i did test it. just remove this comment line

/**
* @author tmtuan
* @github https://github.com/tu801
* created Date: 1/24/2024
*/

Replace echo:

PHP Code:

echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="'. $channel['encoding'] .'" ?>'; 


PHP Code:

<?php
header();
?><?xml version="1.0" encoding="<?= $channel['encoding'] ?>" 


Simple CI 4 project for beginners codeigniter-expenses ( topic )

Thanks you all for you help, i solved the problem,  I tried you guys solution but it isn't worked!
i shared my solution here in case that someone may face the same problem

First in the controller i replace the extend
From:

Code:

class Rss extends BaseController

To:

PHP Code:

use CodeIgniter\Controller;

class Rss extends Controller 


Second i remove the header function in the view file
Finally fix the index function in the controller use CI response->setheader + setBody for this

PHP Code:

    public function index()
    {
        $postData = model(PostModel::class)
            ->join('post_content', 'post_content.post_id = post.id', 'LEFT')
            ->where('lang_id', $this->lang->id)
            ->where('post_status', 'publish')
            ->where('post_type', PostTypeEnum::POST)
            ->orderBy('post.id', 'desc')
            ->select('post.id, post.user_init, post.post_type, post.created_at, post_content.title, post_content.slug, post_content.description')
            ->findAll(500);

        // add posts to the feed
        foreach ($postData as $post) { //dd($post->author);
            $this->feeds->add($post->title, $post->url, $post->created_at, $post->author, $post->slug, $post->description, $post->categories);
        }

        $this->response->setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/xml;charset=UTF-8');
        $html = view('rss', $this->feeds->getData(), ['debug' => false]);
        return $this->response->setBody($html);
    } 


Yes, you should not use `header()` because the Response object manages all headers.

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